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Selecting Sheath Material

Choosing the correct sheath material and watt density for an application requires an understanding of the relationship between the sheath material, the watt density, and the solution being heated.  The following recommendations are based on information compiled over many years of actual use under normal conditions.

These Recommendations can, however, be upset by unusual factors which can effect both the heater life and the media being heated.  It is to your advantage to check with both the supplier of the solution and the supplier of the heater in question before using.  We cannot guarantee heaters against premature failure due to corrosive action over which we have no control, so please check before having heaters installed.

Corrosion Guide for Immersion Heater Sheath Material

Notes to Corrosive Guides

  1. 1. This solution involves a mixture of various chemical compounds whose identity and proportions are unknown or subject to change without our knowledge. Check supplier to confirm choice of sheath material plus alternate sheath materials that may be used.
  2. 2. Caution - Flammable material.
  3. 3. Chemical composition varies widely. Check supplier for specific recommendations.
  4. 4. Direct immersion heaters not practical. Use clamp-on heaters on outside surface of cast iron pot.
  5. 5. 0-48% solution O.K. up to Boiling temperature, 48-60% O.K. up to 185°F and unsatisfactory over 60% solution.
  6. 6. 0-10% concentration 185°F. Up to 20% concentration at 140°F O.K..
  7. 7. See Watt Density Chart.
  8. 8. Incoloy can be substitute for 304 Stainless Steel or Stainless Steel in most cases. Please consult your local sales office.
  9. 9. Low Watt Density heaters recommended.

A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X,Y,Z

Material Being Heated Recommended Sheath Material Notes
A
Acetic Quartz, Titanium
Acetone 304 Stainless Steel 2
Acid Sulfate Quartz 1
Actane 70 Teflon 1
Actane 80 Teflon 1
Actane Salt Graphite, Alumina 2
Alcohol Incoloy 1
Alco Bright Dip R5 Teflon 1
Alkaline Soaking Cleaners Steel 1
Alodine 316 Stainless Steel, Incoloy 1
Alum Quartz 1
Aluminum Cleaners 304 Stainless 1
Aluminum Bright Dip Quartz 1
Aluminum Chloride Quartz, Teflon
Aluminum Sulfate Quartz, Teflon, 304 Stainless Steel 1
Ammonia Titanium, Quartz, Incoloy 800
Ammonia Persulfate Incoloy
Ammonia Sulfate Incoloy
Anodizing Teflon, Quartz
ARP-80 Blackening Salts Quartz 1
Asphalt Steel, Incoloy
B
Beer or Beer Mash (to 160°F) 304 Stainless Steel
Beer Sugar Liquor 304 Stainless Steel
Benzene Incoloy
Benzole Acid Quartz, Incoloy
Beric Acid Quartz, Incoloy
Brass Cyanide Teflon, Titanium 1
Bright Nickel Quartz, Titanium 1
Bright Copper Cyanide Quartz, Steel, 304 Stainless Steel 1
Brine (Acid) 70°F Incoloy
Bronze Steel, 304 Stainless Steel
Butyric Acid (to 150°F) Incoloy
C
Cadmium Black Quartz 1
Cadmium (Alkaline) 304 Stainless Steel
Cadmium Fluoborate Teflon 1
Carbolic Acid Teflon, Quartz, Incoloy
Carbon Tetrachloride (to Boiling) 800 Incoloy, 304 Stainless Steel, Titanium
Caustic Etch Incoloy, Steel
Caustic Soda Incoloy
Caustics Steel
Caustics (highly concentrated, 20% and over) Steel 9
Chloracetic Acid Titanium, Graphite
Chloride Quartz
Chlorine/Wet Quartz
Chlorobenzene (to boiling)

304 Stainless Steel

Chromic Acetate Quartz
Chromic Anodizing

Titanium , Quartz

Chromic Nickel Quartz
Chromium (no flourides) Quartz, Titanium)
Chromylite Quartz 1
Citric Acid Teflon, Quartz, Incoloy
Citric Oils Incoloy
Clear Chromate Quartz, Incoloy 1
Cobalt Nickel Quartz 1
Cobalt Plating Quartz, 304 Stainless Steel 1
Cod Liver Oil Incoloy
Copper Acid Quartz, Titanium 1
Copper Bright Acid Quartz 1
Copper Cyanide Quartz, Teflon, Steel
Copper Fluoroborate Teflon
Copper Nitrate (to 175°F) Teflon
Copper Pyrophosphate 304 Stainless Steel 1
Copper Strike 304 Stainless Steel, Steel 1
Copper Sulfate Quartz, Teflon, Titanium
Cresote Steel, Incoloy
Cresylic Acid Teflon, Quartz
Cyanide 304 Stainless Steel, Steel
D
Deionized Water Incoloy (Electropolished)
Deoxidizer (3AL-13) 304 Stainless Steel, Steel 1
Deoxidizer (Etching) Quartz 1
Dichloroacetic Acid (Non-Chromated) Titanium
Dichloroethane 304 Stainless Steel
Dichromic Seal Steel
Diethylene Glycol Incoloy, Teflon, Quartz, Titanium 1
Diversey-511 Quartz 1
Diversey-514 Teflon 1
Diversey-DS9333 Quartz 1
Dowtherm A Steel 1,9
Dowtherm E Steel 1,9
Dur-Nu Quartz, Titanium 1
Dye Solutions 304 Stainless Steel
E
Electroless Nickel Quartz, Titanium 1
Electroless Tin(Acid) Quartz 1
Electroless Tin(Alkaline) Incoloy, Titanium 1
Electro Cleaner 304 Stainless Steel 1
Electro Polishing Quartz 1
Enthone Acid 80 Teflon 1
Ether Titanium, Quartz 2
Ethyl Chloride Incoloy, Titanium, Quartz, Teflon 2
Ethylene Glycol Steel, Incoloy, Titanium, Quartz, Teflon 5
F
Fatty Acids Incoloy, Titanium, Quartz
Ferric Nitrate Quartz
Ferric Sulfate Teflon, Titanium
Ferric Ammonium Oxide Incoloy
Flourine Gas Titanium
Flourate Teflon 1
Formaldehyde Incoloy, Titanium, Quartz
Formic Acid Incoloy, Quartz
Freon Steel, Incoloy
G
Gallic Acid Quartz, Incoloy
Gasoline, Refined Steel, Incoloy, Quartz 2,5
Gasoline, Sour Quartz 2,3,5
Glycerin (Acid Free) Steel, Incoloy
H
Hydrobromic Acid Graphite
Hydrochloric Acid Teflon
Hydroflouric Acid Teflon 5
Hydrogen Peroxide Incoloy, Titanium, Quartz 1
I
Iridium Teflon, Quartz 1
Irilac Teflon, Quartz 1
Iron Flouborate Teflon 1
Iron Phosphate Incoloy (Electropolished) 9
Iridite(No. 4-75, 4-73, 14, 14-2, 14-9, 18-P) Incoloy 1
Iridite..(No.1, 2, 3, 4PC & S, 4P-4, 4-80, 4L-1, 4-2, 4-2A, 4-2P, 5P-1, 8, 7, 7-P, 8P, 8-2, 12-P, 17P, 15, 18P) Quartz 1
Iridite Dyes (12L-2, 40, 80) Quartz 1
Isoprep 191 Acid Salts Graphite 1
J
Jetal 304 Stainless Steel 1
K
Kerosene Steel, Incoloy 2
L
Lactic Acid Titanium
Lacquer Solvent Steel, Incoloy, Quartz
Lead Acetate Incoloy, Titanium, 304 Stainless Steel
Lime Saturated Water (Alkaline) Incoloy 1
Linseed Oil Steel 2
M
Magnesium Chloride Titanium
Magnesium Hydroxide Steel, Incoloy, Titanium
Magnesium Nitrate Quartz
Magnesium Sulphate Titanium, Quartz
McDermid 629 Teflon 1
Mercuric Chloride Titanium, Quartz
Mercury (to 125°F) Titanium, Quartz, Incoloy
Methyl Alcohol Methanol Incoloy, Steel, Titanium, Quartz
Methyl Bromide Quartz, Teflon
Methyl Chloride Quartz, Teflon
Methylene Chloride Titanium, Quartz
Mineral Oil Steel, Incoloy
Muriatic Acid Teflon, Quartz
Muriato Teflon, Quartz 1
N
Naptha Incoloy 2
Nickel (Plating Solution)(Watts) Quartz, Titanium 1
Nickel Acetate Seal Incoloy 1
Nickel Chloride Graphite
Niklad (Cyanide Free) Copper Strike) 304 Stainless Steel
Nitric Acid Teflon, Quartz, Titanium 6
Nitric 6% Phosphoric Acids Teflon, Quartz 1
Nitric Hydrochloric Acids Teflon, Quartz
Nitric Sodium Chromate Teflon, Quartz, Incoloy 1
O
Oil Steel 9
Oil Fuel / Normal Steel, Incoloy 2,3,7
P
Paint Stripper (High Alkaline Type) Steel 1
Paint Stripper (Solvent Type) Incoloy 1,2
Perchlorethylene Incoloy
Phosphate Cleaner 304 Stainless Steel (Electropolished) 1,9
Phosphate Incoloy (Electropolished) 1,9
Phosphate (Iron) Incoloy (Electropolished) 9
Phosphate-Ester (Hydraulic Fluid) Incoloy (12 w/in²) 7
Phosphatizing Incoloy 1
Phosphoric Acid (No Flourides) Quartz 9
Picric Acid Teflon, Quartz, Incoloy
Potassium Acid Sulfate Teflon, Quartz 1
Potassium Chloride Titanium, Quartz
Potassium Cyanide Quartz, Teflon
Potassium Hydrochloric Teflon, Quartz 1
Potassium Hydroxide Teflon
Potassium Nitrate Titanium, Quartz
Potassium Sulfate Quartz, Teflon
Pyrogalic Acid Quartz, Incoloy
R
Rayon Spin Bath Graphite
Reynolds Brighter Tephlon, Quartz(Use Lead Guard) 1
Rhodium Quartz
Rochelle Salt Cyanide 304 Stainless Steel 1
Ruthenium Teflon, Graphite 1
S
Salt (Actine) Teflon, Quartz 1
Soap Solution Stainless, Incoloy 3
Sodium Bi Sulphate Quartz
Sodium-Liquid Metal Incoloy
Sodium Bromide Incoloy, Quartz, Teflon 1,3
Sodium Carbonate Incoloy, Titanium, Teflon 1,3
Sodium Chlorate Incoloy, Titanium, Teflon 1,3
Sodium Chloride Incoloy, Quartz, Teflon 1,3
Sodium Citrate Quartz, Teflon
Sodium Cyanide Incoloy, Quartz
Sodium Bichromate Steel, Quartz 1,3
Sodium Hypochlorite Quartz, Titanium, Teflon
Sodium Hydroxide Teflon 8,6
Sodium Phosphate Incoloy, Titanium, Quartz, Teflon
Sodium Salicylate Quartz, Teflon
Sodium Silicate Incoloy, Titanium, Quartz, Teflon 1,4
Sodium Stannate Quartz, Teflon
Sodium Sulphate Incoloy, Quartz, Teflon
Sodium Sulphide Teflon
Silver Bromide Quartz, Incoloy, Teflon
Silver Cyanide Quartz, Incoloy, 304 Stainless Steel
Silver Lume 304 Stainless Steel 1
Silver Nitrate Quartz, Titanium, Incoloy
Stannate Steel
Stannic Chloride Graphite
Stanostar Quartz, Teflon 1
Steraric Acid Incoloy,Titanium, Quartz
Sugar Solution Incoloy 7
Sulphamate Nickel Teflon, Quartz, Titanium 1
Sulfur Titanium, Quartz
Sulfurous Acid Titanium, Quartz, Teflon
Sulphamic Acid Quartz, Teflon
Sulphur Chloride Quartz, Teflon
Sulphur Dioxide Titanium, Quartz
Sulfuric Acid Quartz, Teflon
T
Tannic Acid Titanium, Quartz
Tartaric Acid Graphite
Tin Nickel Plating Quartz, Teflon 1
Tin Plating (Acid) Teflon,Quartz 1
Tin Plating (Alkaline) 304 Stainless Steel, Steel 1
Tranite H-11 Incoloy (Electropolished) 9
Trichloroethane Incoloy
Trichloroethylene Incoloy
Triethylene Glycol Incoloy
Trioxide (Pickle) Teflon, Quartz 1
Trisodium Phosphate Iron
Turco 4181 (Alkaline Cleaner) Incoloy 1,9
Turco 4008 (Descaler) Incoloy (Electropolished) 1,5
Turco 4338 (Oxidizer) Incoloy 1,7,9
Turco Ultrasonic Solution Incoloy 1
U
UBAC Quartz 1
Udylite 66 Teflon, Quartz, Titanium 1,5
Unichrome CR-110 Teflon, Quartz 1
Unichrome SRHS Teflon, Quartz 1
W
Water Copper
Water Deionized Incoloy (Electropolished)

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