Choosing the correct sheath material and watt density for an application requires an understanding of the relationship between the sheath material, the watt density, and the solution being heated. The following recommendations are based on information compiled over many years of actual use under normal conditions.
These Recommendations can, however, be upset by unusual factors which can effect both the heater life and the media being heated. It is to your advantage to check with both the supplier of the solution and the supplier of the heater in question before using. We cannot guarantee heaters against premature failure due to corrosive action over which we have no control, so please check before having heaters installed.
Corrosion Guide for Immersion Heater Sheath Material
Notes to Corrosive Guides
- 1. This solution involves a mixture of various chemical compounds whose identity and proportions are unknown or subject to change without our knowledge. Check supplier to confirm choice of sheath material plus alternate sheath materials that may be used.
- 2. Caution - Flammable material.
- 3. Chemical composition varies widely. Check supplier for specific recommendations.
- 4. Direct immersion heaters not practical. Use clamp-on heaters on outside surface of cast iron pot.
- 5. 0-48% solution O.K. up to Boiling temperature, 48-60% O.K. up to 185°F and unsatisfactory over 60% solution.
- 6. 0-10% concentration 185°F. Up to 20% concentration at 140°F O.K..
- 7. See Watt Density Chart.
- 8. Incoloy can be substitute for 304 Stainless Steel or Stainless Steel in most cases. Please consult your local sales office.
- 9. Low Watt Density heaters recommended.
A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, K, L, M, N, O, P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, W, X,Y,Z
| Material Being Heated | Recommended Sheath Material | Notes | |
| A | |||
| Acetic | Quartz, Titanium | ||
| Acetone | 304 Stainless Steel | 2 | |
| Acid Sulfate | Quartz | 1 | |
| Actane 70 | Teflon | 1 | |
| Actane 80 | Teflon | 1 | |
| Actane Salt | Graphite, Alumina | 2 | |
| Alcohol | Incoloy | 1 | |
| Alco Bright Dip R5 | Teflon | 1 | |
| Alkaline Soaking Cleaners | Steel | 1 | |
| Alodine | 316 Stainless Steel, Incoloy | 1 | |
| Alum | Quartz | 1 | |
| Aluminum Cleaners | 304 Stainless | 1 | |
| Aluminum Bright Dip | Quartz | 1 | |
| Aluminum Chloride | Quartz, Teflon | ||
| Aluminum Sulfate | Quartz, Teflon, 304 Stainless Steel | 1 | |
| Ammonia | Titanium, Quartz, Incoloy 800 | ||
| Ammonia Persulfate | Incoloy | ||
| Ammonia Sulfate | Incoloy | ||
| Anodizing | Teflon, Quartz | ||
| ARP-80 Blackening Salts | Quartz | 1 | |
| Asphalt | Steel, Incoloy | ||
| B | |||
| Beer or Beer Mash (to 160°F) | 304 Stainless Steel | ||
| Beer Sugar Liquor | 304 Stainless Steel | ||
| Benzene | Incoloy | ||
| Benzole Acid | Quartz, Incoloy | ||
| Beric Acid | Quartz, Incoloy | ||
| Brass Cyanide | Teflon, Titanium | 1 | |
| Bright Nickel | Quartz, Titanium | 1 | |
| Bright Copper Cyanide | Quartz, Steel, 304 Stainless Steel | 1 | |
| Brine (Acid) 70°F | Incoloy | ||
| Bronze | Steel, 304 Stainless Steel | ||
| Butyric Acid (to 150°F) | Incoloy | ||
| C | |||
| Cadmium Black | Quartz | 1 | |
| Cadmium (Alkaline) | 304 Stainless Steel | ||
| Cadmium Fluoborate | Teflon | 1 | |
| Carbolic Acid | Teflon, Quartz, Incoloy | ||
| Carbon Tetrachloride (to Boiling) | 800 Incoloy, 304 Stainless Steel, Titanium | ||
| Caustic Etch | Incoloy, Steel | ||
| Caustic Soda | Incoloy | ||
| Caustics | Steel | ||
| Caustics (highly concentrated, 20% and over) | Steel | 9 | |
| Chloracetic Acid | Titanium, Graphite | ||
| Chloride | Quartz | ||
| Chlorine/Wet | Quartz | ||
| Chlorobenzene (to boiling) |
304 Stainless Steel |
||
| Chromic Acetate | Quartz | ||
| Chromic Anodizing |
Titanium , Quartz |
||
| Chromic Nickel | Quartz | ||
| Chromium (no flourides) | Quartz, Titanium) | ||
| Chromylite | Quartz | 1 | |
| Citric Acid | Teflon, Quartz, Incoloy | ||
| Citric Oils | Incoloy | ||
| Clear Chromate | Quartz, Incoloy | 1 | |
| Cobalt Nickel | Quartz | 1 | |
| Cobalt Plating | Quartz, 304 Stainless Steel | 1 | |
| Cod Liver Oil | Incoloy | ||
| Copper Acid | Quartz, Titanium | 1 | |
| Copper Bright Acid | Quartz | 1 | |
| Copper Cyanide | Quartz, Teflon, Steel | ||
| Copper Fluoroborate | Teflon | ||
| Copper Nitrate (to 175°F) | Teflon | ||
| Copper Pyrophosphate | 304 Stainless Steel | 1 | |
| Copper Strike | 304 Stainless Steel, Steel | 1 | |
| Copper Sulfate | Quartz, Teflon, Titanium | ||
| Cresote | Steel, Incoloy | ||
| Cresylic Acid | Teflon, Quartz | ||
| Cyanide | 304 Stainless Steel, Steel | ||
| D | |||
| Deionized Water | Incoloy (Electropolished) | ||
| Deoxidizer (3AL-13) | 304 Stainless Steel, Steel | 1 | |
| Deoxidizer (Etching) | Quartz | 1 | |
| Dichloroacetic Acid (Non-Chromated) | Titanium | ||
| Dichloroethane | 304 Stainless Steel | ||
| Dichromic Seal | Steel | ||
| Diethylene Glycol | Incoloy, Teflon, Quartz, Titanium | 1 | |
| Diversey-511 | Quartz | 1 | |
| Diversey-514 | Teflon | 1 | |
| Diversey-DS9333 | Quartz | 1 | |
| Dowtherm A | Steel | 1,9 | |
| Dowtherm E | Steel | 1,9 | |
| Dur-Nu | Quartz, Titanium | 1 | |
| Dye Solutions | 304 Stainless Steel | ||
| E | |||
| Electroless Nickel | Quartz, Titanium | 1 | |
| Electroless Tin(Acid) | Quartz | 1 | |
| Electroless Tin(Alkaline) | Incoloy, Titanium | 1 | |
| Electro Cleaner | 304 Stainless Steel | 1 | |
| Electro Polishing | Quartz | 1 | |
| Enthone Acid 80 | Teflon | 1 | |
| Ether | Titanium, Quartz | 2 | |
| Ethyl Chloride | Incoloy, Titanium, Quartz, Teflon | 2 | |
| Ethylene Glycol | Steel, Incoloy, Titanium, Quartz, Teflon | 5 | |
| F | |||
| Fatty Acids | Incoloy, Titanium, Quartz | ||
| Ferric Nitrate | Quartz | ||
| Ferric Sulfate | Teflon, Titanium | ||
| Ferric Ammonium Oxide | Incoloy | ||
| Flourine Gas | Titanium | ||
| Flourate | Teflon | 1 | |
| Formaldehyde | Incoloy, Titanium, Quartz | ||
| Formic Acid | Incoloy, Quartz | ||
| Freon | Steel, Incoloy | ||
| G | |||
| Gallic Acid | Quartz, Incoloy | ||
| Gasoline, Refined | Steel, Incoloy, Quartz | 2,5 | |
| Gasoline, Sour | Quartz | 2,3,5 | |
| Glycerin (Acid Free) | Steel, Incoloy | ||
| H | |||
| Hydrobromic Acid | Graphite | ||
| Hydrochloric Acid | Teflon | ||
| Hydroflouric Acid | Teflon | 5 | |
| Hydrogen Peroxide | Incoloy, Titanium, Quartz | 1 | |
| I | |||
| Iridium | Teflon, Quartz | 1 | |
| Irilac | Teflon, Quartz | 1 | |
| Iron Flouborate | Teflon | 1 | |
| Iron Phosphate | Incoloy (Electropolished) | 9 | |
| Iridite(No. 4-75, 4-73, 14, 14-2, 14-9, 18-P) | Incoloy | 1 | |
| Iridite..(No.1, 2, 3, 4PC & S, 4P-4, 4-80, 4L-1, 4-2, 4-2A, 4-2P, 5P-1, 8, 7, 7-P, 8P, 8-2, 12-P, 17P, 15, 18P) | Quartz | 1 | |
| Iridite Dyes (12L-2, 40, 80) | Quartz | 1 | |
| Isoprep 191 Acid Salts | Graphite | 1 | |
| J | |||
| Jetal | 304 Stainless Steel | 1 | |
| K | |||
| Kerosene | Steel, Incoloy | 2 | |
| L | |||
| Lactic Acid | Titanium | ||
| Lacquer Solvent | Steel, Incoloy, Quartz | ||
| Lead Acetate | Incoloy, Titanium, 304 Stainless Steel | ||
| Lime Saturated Water (Alkaline) | Incoloy | 1 | |
| Linseed Oil | Steel | 2 | |
| M | |||
| Magnesium Chloride | Titanium | ||
| Magnesium Hydroxide | Steel, Incoloy, Titanium | ||
| Magnesium Nitrate | Quartz | ||
| Magnesium Sulphate | Titanium, Quartz | ||
| McDermid 629 | Teflon | 1 | |
| Mercuric Chloride | Titanium, Quartz | ||
| Mercury (to 125°F) | Titanium, Quartz, Incoloy | ||
| Methyl Alcohol Methanol | Incoloy, Steel, Titanium, Quartz | ||
| Methyl Bromide | Quartz, Teflon | ||
| Methyl Chloride | Quartz, Teflon | ||
| Methylene Chloride | Titanium, Quartz | ||
| Mineral Oil | Steel, Incoloy | ||
| Muriatic Acid | Teflon, Quartz | ||
| Muriato | Teflon, Quartz | 1 | |
| N | |||
| Naptha | Incoloy | 2 | |
| Nickel (Plating Solution)(Watts) | Quartz, Titanium | 1 | |
| Nickel Acetate Seal | Incoloy | 1 | |
| Nickel Chloride | Graphite | ||
| Niklad (Cyanide Free) Copper Strike) | 304 Stainless Steel | ||
| Nitric Acid | Teflon, Quartz, Titanium | 6 | |
| Nitric 6% Phosphoric Acids | Teflon, Quartz | 1 | |
| Nitric Hydrochloric Acids | Teflon, Quartz | ||
| Nitric Sodium Chromate | Teflon, Quartz, Incoloy | 1 | |
| O | |||
| Oil | Steel | 9 | |
| Oil Fuel / Normal | Steel, Incoloy | 2,3,7 | |
| P | |||
| Paint Stripper (High Alkaline Type) | Steel | 1 | |
| Paint Stripper (Solvent Type) | Incoloy | 1,2 | |
| Perchlorethylene | Incoloy | ||
| Phosphate Cleaner | 304 Stainless Steel (Electropolished) | 1,9 | |
| Phosphate | Incoloy (Electropolished) | 1,9 | |
| Phosphate (Iron) | Incoloy (Electropolished) | 9 | |
| Phosphate-Ester (Hydraulic Fluid) | Incoloy (12 w/in²) | 7 | |
| Phosphatizing | Incoloy | 1 | |
| Phosphoric Acid (No Flourides) | Quartz | 9 | |
| Picric Acid | Teflon, Quartz, Incoloy | ||
| Potassium Acid Sulfate | Teflon, Quartz | 1 | |
| Potassium Chloride | Titanium, Quartz | ||
| Potassium Cyanide | Quartz, Teflon | ||
| Potassium Hydrochloric | Teflon, Quartz | 1 | |
| Potassium Hydroxide | Teflon | ||
| Potassium Nitrate | Titanium, Quartz | ||
| Potassium Sulfate | Quartz, Teflon | ||
| Pyrogalic Acid | Quartz, Incoloy | ||
| R | |||
| Rayon Spin Bath | Graphite | ||
| Reynolds Brighter | Tephlon, Quartz(Use Lead Guard) | 1 | |
| Rhodium | Quartz | ||
| Rochelle Salt Cyanide | 304 Stainless Steel | 1 | |
| Ruthenium | Teflon, Graphite | 1 | |
| S | |||
| Salt (Actine) | Teflon, Quartz | 1 | |
| Soap Solution | Stainless, Incoloy | 3 | |
| Sodium Bi Sulphate | Quartz | ||
| Sodium-Liquid Metal | Incoloy | ||
| Sodium Bromide | Incoloy, Quartz, Teflon | 1,3 | |
| Sodium Carbonate | Incoloy, Titanium, Teflon | 1,3 | |
| Sodium Chlorate | Incoloy, Titanium, Teflon | 1,3 | |
| Sodium Chloride | Incoloy, Quartz, Teflon | 1,3 | |
| Sodium Citrate | Quartz, Teflon | ||
| Sodium Cyanide | Incoloy, Quartz | ||
| Sodium Bichromate | Steel, Quartz | 1,3 | |
| Sodium Hypochlorite | Quartz, Titanium, Teflon | ||
| Sodium Hydroxide | Teflon | 8,6 | |
| Sodium Phosphate | Incoloy, Titanium, Quartz, Teflon | ||
| Sodium Salicylate | Quartz, Teflon | ||
| Sodium Silicate | Incoloy, Titanium, Quartz, Teflon | 1,4 | |
| Sodium Stannate | Quartz, Teflon | ||
| Sodium Sulphate | Incoloy, Quartz, Teflon | ||
| Sodium Sulphide | Teflon | ||
| Silver Bromide | Quartz, Incoloy, Teflon | ||
| Silver Cyanide | Quartz, Incoloy, 304 Stainless Steel | ||
| Silver Lume | 304 Stainless Steel | 1 | |
| Silver Nitrate | Quartz, Titanium, Incoloy | ||
| Stannate | Steel | ||
| Stannic Chloride | Graphite | ||
| Stanostar | Quartz, Teflon | 1 | |
| Steraric Acid | Incoloy,Titanium, Quartz | ||
| Sugar Solution | Incoloy | 7 | |
| Sulphamate Nickel | Teflon, Quartz, Titanium | 1 | |
| Sulfur | Titanium, Quartz | ||
| Sulfurous Acid | Titanium, Quartz, Teflon | ||
| Sulphamic Acid | Quartz, Teflon | ||
| Sulphur Chloride | Quartz, Teflon | ||
| Sulphur Dioxide | Titanium, Quartz | ||
| Sulfuric Acid | Quartz, Teflon | ||
| T | |||
| Tannic Acid | Titanium, Quartz | ||
| Tartaric Acid | Graphite | ||
| Tin Nickel Plating | Quartz, Teflon | 1 | |
| Tin Plating (Acid) | Teflon,Quartz | 1 | |
| Tin Plating (Alkaline) | 304 Stainless Steel, Steel | 1 | |
| Tranite H-11 | Incoloy (Electropolished) | 9 | |
| Trichloroethane | Incoloy | ||
| Trichloroethylene | Incoloy | ||
| Triethylene Glycol | Incoloy | ||
| Trioxide (Pickle) | Teflon, Quartz | 1 | |
| Trisodium Phosphate | Iron | ||
| Turco 4181 (Alkaline Cleaner) | Incoloy | 1,9 | |
| Turco 4008 (Descaler) | Incoloy (Electropolished) | 1,5 | |
| Turco 4338 (Oxidizer) | Incoloy | 1,7,9 | |
| Turco Ultrasonic Solution | Incoloy | 1 | |
| U | |||
| UBAC | Quartz | 1 | |
| Udylite 66 | Teflon, Quartz, Titanium | 1,5 | |
| Unichrome CR-110 | Teflon, Quartz | 1 | |
| Unichrome SRHS | Teflon, Quartz | 1 | |
| W | |||
| Water | Copper | ||
| Water Deionized | Incoloy (Electropolished) |